INTRODUCTION
Colchicine is a naturally occurring alkaloid obtained primarily from the autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale) and related species. It has been used in medicine for centuries, especially for the treatment of gout and Familial Mediterranean Fever. In modern medicine, Colchicine is valued also in conditions like pericarditis, Behçet’s disease, and certain dermatological and cardiac disorders.
MANUFACTURE
- Plant Source: Primarily obtained from Colchicum autumnale corms and seeds.
- Extraction Process: Plant material is dried and powdered. Extracted with acidified water or alcohol (e.g., ethanol or methanol). Colchicine is then isolated by solvent extraction, followed by purification via crystallization.
- Purification: May involve chromatographic techniques/solvent partitioning to improve purity.
| Synonym | N-((7S)-1,2,3,10-tetramethoxy-9-oxo-5,6,7,9-tetrahydrobenzo [a]heptalen-7-yl)acetamide |
| CAS no. | 64-86-8 |
| EINECS no. | 200-598-5 |
| Molecular formula | C₂₂H₂₅NO₆ |
| Molecular weight | 399.44 |
| Structure |  |
APPLICATIONS
| Medical Applications: |
| • Gout Treatment |
| Used to relieve acute gout attacks by reducing inflammation and crystal-induced joint damage. |
| Acts by inhibiting neutrophil activity and microtubule polymerization. |
| • Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) |
| Colchicine is the first-line treatment to prevent and reduce flare-ups. |
| • Pericarditis |
| Used as an adjunct therapy to reduce recurrence in pericardial inflammation. |
| • Behçet’s Disease |
| Sometimes used for mucocutaneous and articular symptoms. |
| • Anti-mitotic Agent |
| Prevents spindle formation in dividing cells, thus used experimentally in cancer and cytogenetic research. |
| Research and Laboratory Applications: |
| • Mitotic Inhibitor |
| Blocks cell division at metaphase, useful in preparing karyotypes for chromosome analysis. |
| • Plant Breeding |
| Induces polyploidy (chromosome doubling) in plants to create new crop varieties with improved traits. |
SPECIFICATIONS – Ph.Eur/BP
| Test | Unit | Specification |
|---|---|---|
| Description | – | Yellowish-white amorphous or crystalline powder |
| Solubility | – | Very soluble in water, rapidly recrystallizing from concentrated solutions as the sesquihydrate, freely soluble in alcohol, practically insoluble in cyclohexane. |
| Identification | – | Should conform to IR Spectrophotometry |
| Appearance of solution | – | Solution S should be clear and not more intensely colored than reference solution GY |
| Acidity or Alkalinity | – | Should comply |
| Specific optical rotation | ° | -235 to -250 (anhydrous substance) |
| Related substance | ||
| Impurity A | % | NMT 3.5 |
| Impurity B | % | NMT 1.0 |
| Impurity C | % | NMT 1.0 |
| Impurity D | % | NMT 1.0 |
| Impurity E | % | NMT 1.0 |
| Unspecified impurities | % | NMT 0.1 |
| Total impurities | % | NMT 5.0 |
| Colchicine | % | NMT 0.2 |
| Chloroform | ppm | NMT 500 |
| Ethyl acetate | % | NMT 6.0 |
| Water content | % | NMT 2.0 |
| Sulphated ash | % | NMT 0.1 |
| Assay (anhydrous substance) | % | 97.0 to 102.0 |
| Additional test | ||
| Residual solvents | ||
| Methanol | ppm | NMT 3000 |
| Ethyl alcohol | ppm | NMT 5000 |
| Dichloromethane | ppm | NMT 600 |
| Benzene | ppm | NMT 2 |
PACKING
25 kg UN approved drum with inner packing 1 kg.
STORAGE
WHO-GMP, Written Confirmation (WC) and DMF.
CERTIFICATION
WHO-GMP, Written Confirmation (WC) and DMF.
ExSyn offers Colchicine on commercial scales and welcomes enquiries. Our exceptional quality and service will make ExSyn your supplier of choice! If you need any additional information or SDS, please contact us.
Diacetone Alcohol (DAA) is an aliphatic hydroxy ketone produced through the base-catalysed aldol addition of two acetone molecules. It contains both ketone and tertiary hydroxyl functionalities, offering excellent solvency and chemical reactivity.
As a high-boiling oxygenated solvent and valuable chemical intermediate, DAA finds broad application in paints and coatings, printing inks, adhesives, industrial cleaning, cosmetics, and textiles. It is also used as an intermediate in the production of mesityl oxide and MIBK. (4-methylpentan-2-one).
Kojic acid is a natural fungal metabolite produced through natural fermentation of carbohydrates. It works primarily as a tyrosinase inhibitor, suppressing melanin production to help reduce dark spots and even out skin tone. It also delivers antioxidant benefits, neutralizing free radicals and protecting skin cells from oxidative stress. With its naturally weak acidic profile, kojic acid is a multifunctional ingredient suited for brightening and protective skincare formulations.
(S)-Oxetan-2-yl-methanamine is a chiral oxetane-containing primary amine. The compound features a strained four-membered oxetane ring and an aminomethyl substituent, making it a valuable building block in modern medicinal chemistry. Due to its unique physicochemical properties, including increased polarity and metabolic stability compared with conventional alkyl groups, it is widely employed as an advanced pharmaceutical intermediate in drug discovery and development programs.
Guanidine carbonate is a white, crystalline, water-soluble compound with an alkaline and ionic nature. Composed of guanidinium cations and carbonate anions, it offers chemical stability, buffering capacity, and good formulation compatibility. In textile applications, it is used in formulations and fabric treatments for its thickening, softening, lubricating, anti-static, and flame-retardant properties, contributing to improved fabric finish and performance.
Tin(II) sulfide (SnS) has emerged as a safe and sustainable semiconductor owing to its non-toxicity, low cost, and natural abundance. It has attracted significant interest for solar energy conversion in thin-film photovoltaic devices because of its suitable band gap, which is approximately 1.3 eV in the orthorhombic phase and 1.5-1.7 eV in the cubic phase. In addition to photovoltaic applications, SnS is used in solid-state lubricants, near-infrared detectors, Lithium-ion batteries, and various sensing devices.
Nikethamide is a synthetic organic compound derived from nicotinic acid (vitamin B₃). It consists of a pyridine ring linked to a diethyl amide functional group and belongs to the class of pyridine amide derivatives.
(2-Methoxy-1-methyl-2-oxoethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide is a stabilized phosphonium salt widely used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Due to presence of an ester group, the compound generates a stabilized ylide that is particularly useful for synthesizing α, β-unsaturated esters, valuable intermediates in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, fragrances, and fine chemicals.
p-tert-Butylphenol (PTBP), is an aromatic organic compound consists of a phenol ring substituted with a tert-butyl group at the para (4-) position, giving it improved thermal stability and hydrophobic properties compared to phenol. PTBP features significant hydrogen bonding capabilities, which enhance its solubility in organic solvents. PTBP is used primarily as an intermediate in the manufacturing of polycarbonate plastics, phenolic resins, and epoxy resins.
Yttrium oxide (Y2O3), also known as yttria, is an air-stable, odorless white powder. It is a highly stable, chemically inert ceramic with a very high melting point. It is insoluble in water but readily dissolves in most strong acids. Increasing the specific surface area and porosity of Y2O3 can further improve its relevant physical and chemical properties.