INTRODUCTION
Methylene blue (MB), a basic thiazine dye has been used clinically for about a century to treat numerous ailments. Primarily used in the treatment of methemoglobinemia, as an antidote in cyanide poisoning, as a biological stain, and as an oxidant-reduction indicator.
The intravenous form of MB is approved by the FDA for the treatment of pediatric and adult patients with acquired methemoglobinemia. MB is an investigational drug being developed by the University of Aberdeen and TauRx Therapeutics that has been shown in early clinical trials to be an inhibitor of Tau protein aggregation. The drug is also of potential interest for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
| Synonyms | Methylthioninium chloride Basic blue 9 (C.I. 52015) |
| CAS no. | 122965-43-9 (hydrate) 7220-79-3 (trihydrate) 61-73-4 (anhydrous) |
| EINECS no. | 602-909-3 (hydrate) 615-731-6 (trihydrate) 200-515-2 (anhydrous) |
| Molecular formula | C16H18N3S.Cl.xH2O |
| Molecular weight | 337.90 (hydrate & trihydrate) 319.85 (anhydrous) |
| Structure |  |
MEDICAL APPLICATIONS
| Methemoglobinemia | MB is employed as a medication for the treatment of methemoglobinemia |
| Combined with light | MB combined with light has been used to treat resistant plaque psoriasis |
| Urinary tract infection | MB is a component of a urinary analgesic/anti-infective/anti-spasmodic known as “Prosed DS”, a combination of phenyl salicylate, benzoic acid, hyoscyamine sulfate, and methenamine (aka hexamethylenetetramine and not to be confused with ‘methanamine’) |
| Cyanide poisoning | Since its reduction potential is similar to that of oxygen and can be reduced by components of the electron transport chain, large doses of methylene blue are sometimes used as an antidote to potassium cyanide poisoning |
| Dye or stain | MB is used in endoscopic polypectomy as an adjunct to saline or epinephrine and is used for injection into the submucosa around the polyp to be removed |
| Placebo | MB has been used as a placebo; physicians would tell their patients to expect their urine to change color and view this as a sign that their condition had improved |
| Ifosfamide toxicity | Another use of methylene blue is to treat Ifosfamide neurotoxicity |
| Shock | It has also been used in septic shock and anaphylaxis |
OTHER APPLICATIONS
| Redox indicator | MB is widely used as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry |
| Peroxide generator | MB is also a photosensitizer used to create singlet oxygen when exposed to both oxygen and light |
| Biological staining | In biology MB is used as a dye for number of different staining procedures, such as Wright’s stain and Jenner’s stain. Since it is a temporary staining technique, MB can also be used to examine RNA or DNA under the microscope or in a gel |
| Aquaculture | MB is used in aquaculture and by tropical fish hobbyists as a treatment for fungal infections |
Modes of action of Methylene Blue in SARS-CoV-2 infection complications (as per the current ongoing studies. Concrete data to be available soon)
| It inhibits SARS-CoV-2 spike ACE2 protein – protein interaction |
| To treat Cytokinin Storm which is one of the major reason for ADRs, Multiorgan Failure & Mortality |
| It relieves oxidative stress, ROS and free radicals |
| It increases systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in septic shock |
| It causes antifibrotic action in lungs |
SPECIFICATIONS
MB offered by Exsyn complies USP & EP pharmacopeia. Please ask our sourcing team if you need detailed specifications.
WRITTEN CONFIRMATION (WC)
ExSyn offers MB with WC certification, so it can be sold to the EU as an API for human consumption.
STORAGE
Temporary storage temperature is below 30°C
Long term storage temperature is 5°C ± 3°C
ExSyn offers MB on commercial scale and welcomes enquiries. No matter the quantity you need, our exceptional quality and service will make ExSyn your supplier of choice! If you need any additional information or SDS, please get in touch with us.
INTRODUCTION Guanosine 5’-diphosphate disodium salt (GDP·Na2) is a purine nucleoside diphosphate that plays a crucial role in various biochemical processes. It is a nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar riboseIt has two phosphate groups, which affects its function and interactions with enzymes. It is a salt form where two sodium ions are […]
INTRODUCTION Rheological additives are essential components in paint formulations used to control the flow and viscosity of the paint. Modified rheological additives are advanced formulations of traditional rheological additives. They are designed to offer improved performance, versatility, or specific functional properties in applications like paints, coatings etc. Synonym Alkyl quaternary ammonium bentonite CAS no. 68153-34-4 […]
Curcumin, a compound found in turmeric, is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Introducing 95% curcumin in both human and animal applications involves understanding its high potency, ensuring effective delivery and absorption
Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂) is one of the most important and widely used white pigments in the world. It’s a versatile compound found in an array of products across various industries. Its exceptional properties make it an essential ingredient in everything from paints and coatings to adhesives and cosmetics. TiO₂ exists in two primary grades: Anatase and Rutile.
Hydriodic acid is a strong acid solution of hydrogen iodide in water at nominal concentrations of 47% and 57%. Its stabilized formulation ensures consistent quality and reliability in various applications. This compound often appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp, pungent odor, characteristic of hydrogen halides.
n-Propylamine, known as propylamine in trade, is a versatile primary amine with a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom. It makes the amino group reactive and the amine thus undergoes chiefly nucleophilic substitution reactions with substrate.
Iodine is anon-metallic, dark-grey/purple-black, lustrous, solid element. It is the heaviest and the rarest of stable halogens that can be found on the crust of earth.About fifty percent of all iodine produced and manufactured worldwide is used to form Organoiodine compounds. Iodine is an important element for many health-sustaining processes and essential for human thyroid health.
The product, acronymed Oct-NBE, is an organic compound with a cyclic ring system and a 8-membered hydrophobic chain. The structure renders the chemical special properties leading to its applications in diverse fields.
Nicotine is a hygroscopic, colorless to slight yellow, oily liquid, that is readily soluble in alcohol, ether or light petroleum. It is widely used recreationally as a stimulant and anxiolytic.