INTRODUCTION
Palmitoyl chloride is a long-chain fatty acid derivative. It is the acid chloride form of palmitic acid; a saturated fatty acid commonly found in palm oil and other natural fats. It appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a sharp odour and is highly reactive, especially toward water, alcohols, and amines. Due to its reactive acyl chloride group, it serves as a valuable intermediate in organic synthesis, particularly in the production of esters, amides, surfactants, and cosmetic ingredients. Its ability to introduce hydrophobic palmitoyl chains makes it especially useful in surface modification, pharmaceuticals, and polymer chemistry.
MANUFACTURE
Palmitoyl chloride is typically synthesized by reacting palmitic acid with a chlorinating agent, most commonly thionyl chloride (SOCl₂), oxalyl chloride (COCl)₂, or phosphorus trichloride (PCl₃).
| Synonyms | Hexadecanoyl chloride |
| CAS no. | 112-67-4 |
| EINECS no. | 203-996-7 |
| Molecular formula | C₁₆H₃₁ClO |
| Molecular weight | 274.87 |
| Structure |  |
APPLICATIONS
Palmitoyl chloride serves as a reactive intermediate and is used in multiple industrial and chemical applications:
| Surface Treatment |
| • Used to modify surfaces (e.g., glass, silica, textiles) to make them hydrophobic or oleophobic. |
| • Applied in coatings and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). |
| Pharmaceuticals & Cosmetics |
| • Acts as a building block in the synthesis of lipid-based drug delivery systems, surfactants, and emollients. |
| • Used to prepare palmitoylated derivatives (e.g., palmitoyl peptides) for anti-aging cosmetic formulations. |
| Synthesis of Esters and Amides |
| • Reacts with alcohols and amines to form palmitate esters and amides, widely used in : |
| ✓ Lubricants ✓ Detergents ✓ Plasticizers ✓ Emulsifiers |
| Polymer Industry |
| • Functions as a chain modifier in the production of specialty polymers or resins. |
| • Enhances hydrophobicity or thermal properties in polymers. |
| Agrochemicals |
| • Intermediate for synthesizing pesticide formulations or other agrochemical active ingredients. |
SPECIFICATIONS
| Test | Unit | Specification |
|---|---|---|
| Description | – | Clear colorless liquid |
| Identification by GC | – | The retention time of the major peak in the chromatogram of the sample solution corresponds to that in the chromatogram of the standard solution, as obtained in the chromatographic purity by GC |
| Miscibility | – | Miscible with acetone and diethyl ether |
| Chromatographic purity (as methyl ester, % area normalization, by GC) | ||
| a. Purity | % | NLT 98.50 |
| b. Lauroyl chloride | % | NMT 0.30 |
| c. Myristoyl chloride | % | NMT 0.60 |
| d. Pentadecanoyl chloride | % | NMT 0.20 |
| e. Stearoyl chloride | % | NMT 0.20 |
| f. Any other individual impurity | % | NMT 0.30 |
PACKING
25 kg UN approved HDPE drum.
STORAGE
Store in dry, tightly sealed containers under inert atmosphere.
REACH status
Not registered.
ExSyn offers Palmitoyl chloride on commercial scales and welcomes enquiries. Our exceptional quality and service will make ExSyn your supplier of choice! If you need any additional information or SDS, please contact us.
Yttrium oxide (Y2O3), also known as yttria, is an air-stable, odorless white powder. It is a highly stable, chemically inert ceramic with a very high melting point. It is insoluble in water but readily dissolves in most strong acids. Increasing the specific surface area and porosity of Y2O3 can further improve its relevant physical and chemical properties.
Ethyl 7,7,7-trifluoro-3-hydroxy-3-methylheptanoate is a fluorinated aliphatic hydroxy ester. The presence of the trifluoromethyl group imparts enhanced metabolic stability, lipophilicity, and unique physicochemical properties compared with non-fluorinated analogues. This compound is primarily used as a synthetic intermediate in pharmaceutical and agrochemical research.
2-Chloro-1,1,1-trimethoxyethane is an organochlorine orthoester compound commonly used as a versatile synthetic intermediate in organic and pharmaceutical chemistry. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with good reactivity toward nucleophilic substitution and cyclization reactions, making it valuable in the preparation of heterocyclic and bioactive molecules.
Glycolaldehyde dimer is the cyclic dimeric form of glycolaldehyde, the simplest hydroxyaldehyde. Glycolaldehyde is often supplied as stable dimeric solid, commonly identified as 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxane.
N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), also known as Hünig’s Base, is a sterically hindered tertiary amine. It is a colorless liquid with a strong amine odor and is widely used as a low nucleophilic organic base in pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and fine chemical synthesis. Due to its bulky structure, DIPEA effectively scavenges acids without participating in unwanted side reactions.
Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (TDPP) often recognized commercially as Irgafos 168 is a high-performance organophosphorus compound primarily utilized as secondary antioxidant and processing stabilizer. Its characteristic to undergo metallation reaction and provide a cost-effective synthetic processes allows it to be useful in biaryl coupling reactions.
Undecylenic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid naturally derived from castor oil. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with antifungal and antimicrobial properties. Chemically known as 10-undecenoic acid, it contains an 11-carbon chain with one double bond and is widely used in pharmaceuticals
5-Nitro Isophthalic Acid (5-NIPA) is an aromatic organic compound derived from isophthalic acid. The presence of two carboxylic acid groups along with a nitro substituent at the 5-position makes it a valuable intermediate in the manufacture of fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, dyes, pigments, and advanced materials.
Trichloroacetonitrile is a halogenated organic compound belonging to nitrile family. Its strong electrophilic character makes it a valuable intermediate in organic synthesis. It readily undergoes hydrolysis, particularly under acidic or basic conditions, yielding trichloroacetamide and related derivatives.