INTRODUCTION
Permethrin is an insecticide in the pyrethroid family. Pyrethroids are synthetic chemicals that act like natural extracts from the chrysanthemum flower.
Manufacture
Permethrin is produced by condensation of 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol with (1RS)-cis/trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid.
| Synonyms | 3- (2,2-Dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (3 –phenoxyphenyl)-methyl ester; 3-phenoxybenzyl (1RS)-cis-trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| CAS no. | 52645-53-1 |
| EINECS no. | 258-067-9 |
| Molecular formula | C21H20Cl2O3 |
| Molecular weight | 391.3 |
| Structure |  |
APPLICATIONS
Permethrin is used in agricultural, textile, food and pharma industries. Some of the key applications where it is used are:
| Insecticide |
|---|
| to protect crops & to kill livestock parasites |
| on structures and buildings, including livestock housing and food-handling establishments. Permethrin can also be used in numerous residential sites, both indoor and outdoor and on pets |
| to prevent insect attack on woollen products |
| in aircraft disinfection |
| Insect repellant |
|---|
| as a personal protective measure, permethrin is applied to clothing. It is a cloth impregnant, notably in mosquito nets and field wear. |
| while permethrin may be marketed as an insect repellent, it doesn’t prevent insects from landing. Instead, it works by incapacitating or killing insects before they can bite. |
| in pet flea preventive collars or treatment (safe for use on dogs but not cats) |
| in timber treatment |
| Medicinal |
|---|
| available for topical use as a cream or lotion |
| used for the treatment and prevention in exposed individuals of head lice |
| used as a medication in the treatment of scabies in humans and animals |
SPECIFICATIONS – EP
| Test | Unit | Specification |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | – | Colorless or slightly brownish viscous liquid, semi solid or crystalline solid. |
| Solubility | – | Practically insoluble in water, very soluble in heptane, freely soluble in anhydrous ethanol, sparingly soluble in ethylene glycol. |
| Identification – by IR – by HPLC | – – | IR Spectrum exhibits maxima which are only at the same wave number as those in “Reference Spectrum of Permethrin Reference Standard“ The 2 Principal peaks in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution are similar in retention time and in cis/trans ratio to the 2 principal peaks in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution |
| Water (by KF) | % | NMT 0.25 |
| Sulphated Ash | % | NMT 0.1 |
| Related Substances (by GC) – Impurity B – Impurity C – Impurity G – Unspecified Impurities – Total Impurity | % % % % % | NMT 0.15 NMT 0.15 NMT 0.10 NMT 0.10 NMT 0.50 |
| Residual Solvent – IPA – Toluene – DMF – *Benzene | ppm ppm ppm ppm | NMT 5000 NMT 890 NMT 880 NMT 2 |
| Assay (on anhydrous basis) | % | 98.0 – 102.0 |
| Cis isomer | % | 23.0 – 27.0 |
| Trans isomer | % | 73.0 – 77.0 |
*Benzene is not used in process, but tested due to the use of Toluene
PACKAGING OPTIONS
25 Kg HDPE Drums
STORAGE
Store in a sheltered place away from sources of heat and moisture
CERTIFICATION
WHO-GMP, DMF & CEP
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